生物技术在有色冶金废水处理中的应用
Application of biotechnology in nonferrous metallurgical wastewater treatment
吴恒 1李佳芮 2杨天宇 2黄冰冰 3邢志林4
作者信息
- 1. 重庆理工大学化学化工学院,重庆 400054;西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,陕西杨凌 712100
- 2. 西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌 712100
- 3. 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌 712100
- 4. 重庆理工大学化学化工学院,重庆 400054
- 折叠
摘要
有色冶炼废水中含有大量的重金属、难降解有机物、NH4+-N等,生物处理技术因其成本低和可持续性受到了广泛关注.本文在文献计量分析基础上对不同类型生物技术的性能特点进行了阐述,并对未来生物技术的发展进行了展望.文献计量分析证实采用生物技术冶炼废水是未来的主流技术,但在基础研究方面仍旧缺乏、不够深入;驯化后的MBR(Membrane bio-reactor)侧重于去除重金属污水中的氮素和有机物,BF(Biological filter)、SBR(Sequencing batch reactor)更适用于同时去除包括重金属在内的多种污染物,通过工艺改进、耦合可以有效应对含多种重金属的污水;菌剂技术更加清洁、可持续,不仅可以应对多金属共存的高浓度污水,还可以通过矿化实现有色金属回收,但是应用时需要采取措施加以固定,考察菌株之间的相互竞争、协同关系,探明最优参数;微生物电化学技术、植物-微生物耦合技术、菌藻共生技术是近年来新发展的废水处理技术,三者可以相互耦合形成高效污水处理集成技术体系.未来,构建多技术集成体系和循环经济技术体系是重要的关注方向.
Abstract
Nonferrous metallurgy wastewater contains a large amount of heavy metals,non-degradable organic matter,and NH4+-N.Biological treatment technologies have garnered widespread attention due to their low cost and sustainability.This review elucidates the performance characteristics of different types of biological technologies based on bibliometric analysis and looks forward to its future development.The bibliometric analysis confirms that the use of biological technologies for treating wastewater is a mainstream technique for the future;however,there is still a lack of in-depth mechanism research.The domesticated membrane bio-reactor focuses on removing nitrogen and organic matter from heavy metal wastewater,while biological filters and sequencing batch reactors are more suitable for simultaneously removing various pollutants.Process improvements and coupling can effectively address wastewater containing multiple heavy metals.The use of microbial agents is cleaner and more sustainable,capable of tackling high-concentration wastewater with coexisting heavy metals and achieving recovery of nonferrous through mineralization.However,measures need to be taken to fix the agents during application,examining the competitive and synergistic relationships between strains to identify optimal parameters.Microbial electrochemical technology,plant-microbe coupling technology,and microbial-algal symbiotic technology are newly developed wastewater treatment technologies in recent years.These three can be coupled to form an efficient integrated wastewater treatment system.In the future,constructing a multi-technology integration system and a circular economy technology system will be important areas of focus.
关键词
冶金废水/生物处理技术(MBR,BF,SBR)/菌剂技术/微生物电化学技术/植物-微生物耦合技术/菌藻共生技术/技术耦合Key words
metallurgical wastewater/biological treatment technolog(MBR,BF,BR)/bacteria agent technology/microbial electrochemical technology/plant-microbe coupling technology/microbial-algal symbiotic technology/technologies coupling引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据