CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy(PTNB)is located in CT guidance,the biopsy needle into local pathological changes in lung,access to a cell or tissue pathological changes in lung specimens of minimally invasive surgery.PTNB can identify the nature of lung lesions,and then make a rapid diagnosis,which plays a decisive role in clinical treatment.Systemic air embolism is a very rare but extremely serious complication after PTNB,and the prognosis is extremely poor if not detected in time.In this paper,the diagnosis and treatment of 2 cases of secondary air embolism after PTNB under CT guidance were retrospectively analyzed,and the relevant literature was reviewed to improve the understanding of the disease.