黄河下游水沙变化特征及影响因素分析
Characteristics and Impact Factors Analysis of Water and Sediment Changes in the Downstream of the Yellow River
张瑶 1赵芬 2孟令霄 2高恒永 2丁雪迎 2侯琳琳 2崔步礼2
作者信息
- 1. 鲁东大学水利工程学院,山东 烟台 264039
- 2. 鲁东大学资源与环境工程学院,山东 烟台 264039
- 折叠
摘要
黄河下游水沙演变剧烈,为探究黄河下游水沙变化新规律,揭示水沙变化新特征,并厘清影响水沙变化的主要因素,本研究基于黄河下游花园口、高村、艾山、利津4 个水文站点的水沙数据资料,采用均值差异t检验和参数统计方法,分析了1951-2020 年黄河下游70 年间不同时间尺度下的水沙变化特征,探究了水沙演变的影响因素.结果表明:近70 年黄河下游径流量和输沙量总体呈减少趋势,且两者突变时间不一致;径流量和输沙量代际间差异明显且呈波动下降趋势,同时,研究期内4 个水文站的径流量与输沙量具有时空变化不同步性;流量和含沙量年内分配集中,自黄河调水调沙以来流量峰值出现的时间由原来8 月份转为7 月份,且不同时段流量和含沙量呈现阶段性变化特征;人类活动是影响黄河下游水沙演变的主导因素.
Abstract
The water and sediment evolution in the downstream of the Yellow River is severe.To explore the law of water and sediment changes in the downstream of the Yellow River and clarify the main factors affecting water and sediment changes,this study is based on water and sediment data from four hydrological stations in the downstream of the Yellow River,including Huayuankou,Gaocun,Aishan,and Lijin.Using mean difference t-test and parameter statistics methods,the characteristics of water and sediment changes in the downstream of the Yellow River at different time scales from 1951 to 2020 were analyzed,and the influencing factors of water and sediment evolution were explored.The results show that,in the past 70 years,the runoff and sediment transport in the downstream of the Yellow River have generally shown a decreasing trend,and the time of their sudden changes is not consistent.There are significant intergenerational differences in runoff and sediment con-tent,and they show a decreasing trend with intergenerational fluctuations;at the same time,the runoff and sedi-ment transport of the four hydrological stations during the study period showed spatiotemporal asynchrony in their changes.The distribution of flow and sediment concentration is concentrated within the year,since the Yellow River water and sediment regulation,the peak flow has shifted from August to July,and the flow and sediment concentration show phased changes in different periods.Human activities are the dominant factor af-fecting the evolution of water and sediment in the downstream of the Yellow River.
关键词
径流量/输沙量/突变分析/黄河下游Key words
runoff/sediment transport/mutation analysis/the downstream of the Yellow River引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(42201046)
国家自然科学基金(4220012113)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据