Budapest Green Infrastructure Planning:Context,Framework,and Implications
Over the past decade,Hungary has undergone fundamental reforms in its urban planning system,progressively incorporating the development of green infrastructure into the urban planning framework.Budapest,characterized by a relatively high endow-ment of green resources,faces diverse challenges and opportunities due to uneven resource distribution,making its experience valuable for reference.This study dissects the conceptual essence of green infrastructure,delineates the developmental trajec-tory of Budapest's green infrastructure planning,and provides a detailed exposition of its construction from three perspectives:investigation,analysis,and classification of existing green spaces and natural resources;a planning framework oriented towards five major goals;and implementation management based on the"Government-Multi-stakeholder collaboration-Public partic-ipation"rights allocation model.The paper offers recommendations for green infrastructure planning in China,covering plan-ning frameworks and content,implementation strategies,and safeguard systems.