摘要
目的 分析玉林市2003-2010霍乱监测的情况,为今后预防控制策略提供科学依据.方法 按<全国霍乱监测方案>及<霍乱防治手册>(第5版)的规定,对外环境水体、海(水)产品、食品及腹泻病人和重点人群进行采样监测、分离、鉴定,阳性株进行耐药性分析,PCR核酸检测霍乱肠毒素(Ctx)、小带联结毒素(Zot)毒力基因.结果 2003-2010年玉林市共监测标本23391份,阳性27份,总阳性率0.12%.其中,水体阳性率0.23%,占阳性标本的25.93%;海(水)产品阳性率0.40%,占阳性标本的74.07%,以青蛙阳性率最高4.18%;食品和腹泻病人及重点人群未检出霍乱弧菌;血清学分型:稻叶型16株,占59.26%;小川型3株,占11.11%;彦岛型4株,占14.81%;O139群4株,占14.81%;毒力基因检测:O139群携带Ctx、Zot占75.00%(3/4),O1群携带Ctx O株,但携带Zot占30.43%(7/23);27份菌株对氟哌酸、环丙沙星、丁胺卡那霉素、头孢噻吩、头孢他啶100%敏感,对链霉素、四环素、磺胺耐药性较高.结论 玉林外环境有霍乱弧菌的生存,需要加强监测,了解菌株毒力基因特征和耐药性变化,以便增强预警预测科学性和防控工作针对性.
Abstract
Objective To analyze the monitoring data of vibrio cholerae from 2003 to 2010 in Yulin, and provide scientific basis for prevention and control the disease. Method According to strategy of surveillance of cholera in China and the fifth edition of manuals of vibrio cholera, detection, isolation, and identification the samples of external environment water, fishery products , food and diarrhea patients and focus groups. Positive strains were carried out drug resistance analysis, and detected Ctx and Zot virulence genes by PCR nucleic acid. Results 23 391 samples were collected during 2003 to 2010 and vibrio cholera were found in 27 samples, positive rate was 0. 12％. Among them, the positive rate of water was 0. 23％ , positive samples account for 25.93％. Fishery products were 0. 40％ . account for 74. 07％㏑ and the positive rate of frogs were highest than others ( 4. 18％ ) . Moreover, vibrio cholera did not detected from food, diarrhea patients and focus groups. Serotypes showed that there were 16 inaba samples ( account for 59. 26％ ) , 3 ogawa samples ( 11. 11 ％ ) . 4 hikojima samples (14. 81％ ) and 4 O139 ( 14. 81％ ) . Virulence gene detection showed that 75％ O139 carried Ctx and Zot genes, and accounted for ( 3/4) , O1 group did not carry Ctx, but 30. 43％ (7/23) carried Zot. 27 strains were all sensitive to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, cefalotin, ceftazidime, and drug resistance to streptomycin, tetracycline,sulfa. Conclusions V. cholera existed in external environmental in Yulin city, we should enhance monitoring, study toxic gene charactenstics, leam drug resistance changes, to enhance scientific prediction and pertinence of prevention and control work.
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据