Objective To analyze the epidemiologic features of scarlet fever cases in Qinghai Province from 2009 to 2021,and to provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of scarlet fever in the province.Methods A descriptive analysis was performed to determine the epidemiologic features of scarlet fever in Qinghai Province from 2009 to 2021 by deriving data on the number of cases(rate)of scarlet fever,information on aggregated(emergency)outbreaks and the number of warning signals from the Infectious Disease Surveillance Information System,the Information System for Public Health Emergencies and the Early Warning and Monitoring Information System on a monthly/yearly basis.Results From 2009 to 2021,4 681 cumulative cases of scarlet fever were reported in Qinghai Province,with a male to female ratio of 1.37∶1.The incidence rate was form 2.22/100 000 to 13.39/100 000,with the lowest rate in 2009 and the highest rate in 2021.The incidence rate of scarlet fever in different years and cities and states ranged from 0.24/100 000(Yushu Prefecture in 2019)to 22.75/100 000(Haidong City),with the highest annual average incidence rate in Haidong City(9.99/100 000)and the lowest in Huangnan Prefecture(1.07/100 000).The incidence showed a bimodal peak with a main peak in June and a secondary peak in November.The number of cases in children under 10 years old,accounting for 91.73％of the total number of cases(4 294/4 681).The number of cases in children 5-＜10 years old,accounting for 80.32％of the cases in children under 10 years old(3 449/4 294).The median age was 5 years old,with children living in childcare,students and children living in the diaspora,accounting for 98.70％of the total number of cases,of which 95.15％were clinically diagnosed cases and 3.01％were confirmed cases.Eighty-seven point two percent were reported by hospitals,and 7.61％were reported by the CDC.Conclusion The incidence of scarlet fever in Qinghai Province shows an upward trend from 2009 to 2021,and the incidence rate is steeply rise after 2014.The prevention and control areas are mainly Xining City and Haidong City,with 5-＜10 years old as the high prevalence age group.Pathogenetic studies of scarlet fever should be emphasized in order to strengthen the accuracy and diagnostic capacity of healthcare institutions in reporting cases of scarlet fever,with a view to bridging the healthcare-prevention rift.
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