摘要
针对传统无人机载成像系统无法实现大视场与高分辨率共存的问题,设计了一款大视场高分辨率无人机载复眼相机系统,该相机由曲面子眼阵列、光学中继系统和图像探测器三部分组成.中继系统使用了非球面设计,减小了系统体积.单个子眼焦距为 20 mm,视场角为 10°,中继系统为一鱼眼透镜,焦距为 7 mm,可将子眼阵列所成焦曲面像转为平面像.总系统视场达到122°×106°,F数为 3,焦距为 3 mm,在飞行高度 1 000 m时对地分辨率为 0.8 m.仿真结果显示,各个光学子通道调制传递函数(modulation transfer function,MTF)在 208 lp/mm处均大于 0.3,系统在给定的公差范围内像质能够满足要求.与现有无人机载复眼系统相比,该文设计的系统视场更大,分辨率更高,且体积更小.
Abstract
To address the problem of traditional unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)imaging systems being unable to achieve the coexistence of large field of view and high resolution,a large field of view and high-resolution UAV-borne compound eye camera system composed of a curved sub-eye array,an optical relay system and an image detector was designed.The non-spherical design was used for the relay system to reduce the system volume.Each sub-eye had a focal length of 20 mm and a field of view of 10°.The relay system used a fisheye lens with a focal length of 7 mm to convert the curved focal surface formed by the sub-eye array into a planar image.The overall system had a field of view of 122°×106°,an F-number of 3,and a focal length of 3 mm,achieving a ground resolution of 0.8 m at a flying height of 1 000 m.The simulation results show that the modulation transfer function(MTF)of each optical sub-channel is greater than 0.3 at 208 lp/mm,and the image quality of the system meets the requirements within the given tolerance range.Compared to existing UAV-borne compound eye systems,the proposed system offers a larger field of view,higher resolution and smaller size.
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