A Robust Watermarking Algorithm Based on PSO-ORB-DWT-SVD
Addressing the challenging trade-off between invisibility and robustness in watermarking algorithms,a novel robust watermarking algorithm is proposed,which combines discrete wavelet transform(DWT)and singular value decomposition(SVD),and integrates particle swarm optimization(PSO)with oriented fast and rotated brief(ORB).In the watermark embedding stage,the host image is first blocked,and then each sub-block undergoes a one-level DWT.The LL component is selected for a second-level DWT,and the transformed LL component is further processed by SVD to obtain the U matrix.The first column of the U matrix is selected,and PSO is utilized to choose the optimal location for watermark embedding.When attacked,ORB is employed to extract feature points for correction.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits good invisibility and strong robustness against various attacks such as noise,filtering,compression,rotation,and cropping.
digital watermarkdiscrete wavelet transformsingular value decompositionparticle swarm optimizationrobustness
万方数据
维普
