Addressing the challenging trade-off between invisibility and robustness in watermarking algorithms,a novel robust watermarking algorithm is proposed,which combines discrete wavelet transform(DWT)and singular value decomposition(SVD),and integrates particle swarm optimization(PSO)with oriented fast and rotated brief(ORB).In the watermark embedding stage,the host image is first blocked,and then each sub-block undergoes a one-level DWT.The LL component is selected for a second-level DWT,and the transformed LL component is further processed by SVD to obtain the U matrix.The first column of the U matrix is selected,and PSO is utilized to choose the optimal location for watermark embedding.When attacked,ORB is employed to extract feature points for correction.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits good invisibility and strong robustness against various attacks such as noise,filtering,compression,rotation,and cropping.
关键词
数字水印/离散小波变换/奇异值分解/粒子群优化算法/鲁棒性
Key words
digital watermark/discrete wavelet transform/singular value decomposition/particle swarm optimization/robustness
维普
万方数据