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西南地区水稻干旱时空分布特征

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  • 国家科技期刊平台
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从西南地区水稻生产特点和气候条件出发,改进相对湿润指数,建立计算偏离多年平均相对湿润指数值变化程度的湿润指数距平率(Mp)农业干旱监测模型,并采用农业干旱监测等级指标分析了1961-2010年西南地区水稻生育期间农业干旱时空分布特征,验证了Mp在西南地区水稻干旱监测方面的适用性.结果表明:从年代际变化趋势来看,随着年代的增加,水稻受旱频率有降低趋势;从空间分布趋势来看,水稻受旱高频区主要分布在云南西北部和中东部,以及四川盆地东部、重庆东北部、贵州东南部局部区域;从各生长阶段发生干旱频率来看,水稻移栽至抽穗阶段发生干旱频率最高,其次是灌浆至成熟阶段,抽穗至灌浆期受旱频率最低.湿润指数距平率能较好地监测西南地区水稻的受旱情况,对于缺乏灌溉资料的地区采用该方法进行水稻干旱监测具有一定的实用价值.
Temporal and spatial distribution of rice drought in Southwest China
Considering the characteristics of rice production and climate conditions in Southwest China, an agricultural drought monitoring model based on wetness index anomaly rate (Mp) by calculating the variation of deviation from average values of relative humid index was established, and was used to analyze the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of the rice drought during the growth season in Southwest China in the past 50 years (1961-2010).The applicability of the Mp model in Southwest China was verified by using this model to monitor the rice drought.The result showed there was a decreasing trend in the frequency of rice drought in term of the decadal variability.The areas with high drought risk mainly concentrated in northwestern and mid-eastern Yunnan Province, eastern Sichuan Basin, northeastern Chongqing City, and southeastern Guizhou Province.The drought frequency was highest at the stage from transplanting to tasseling, followed by the stage from grain filling to maturity, and was lowest at the stage from tasseling to grain filling.Mp was suitable for monitoring the rice drought in Southwest China, and could be used as a reference for the rice planting areas without irrigation data.

droughtricewetness index anomaly ratedistribution characteristicSouthwest China

张建平、刘宗元、何永坤、罗红霞、王靖

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重庆市气象科学研究所,重庆401147

西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715

中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

干旱 水稻 湿润指数距平率 分布特征 西南地区

国家科技支撑计划项目国家重点基础研究发展计划项目重庆市基础与前沿研究计划项目重庆市工程技术研究中心建设项目

2011BAD32B012013CB430205cstc2013jcyjA00024CSTC2011PT-GC80023

2015

应用生态学报
中国生态学学会 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所

应用生态学报

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心
影响因子：2.114
ISSN：1001-9332
年,卷(期)：2015.26(10)
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