摘要
多生态系统服务的综合管理是当前生态系统服务领域研究的重点.城市中心城区生态空间稀缺而生态需求多样,如何在综合考虑多种生态功能的前提下对城区用地进行科学管控已逐渐成为学术热点.本研究以齐齐哈尔市中心城区为例,应用生态系统服务簇理论,对研究区内雨洪调节、空气净化、碳固存、生物多样性保护、文化游憩5项生态系统服务的供需关系进行分析,根据供需比识别研究区生态系统服务供需簇,完成生态功能区划分并提出相应的空间管控策略.结果表明:5项服务供给呈现中心及南侧低、西北及东南侧高的空间格局,5项服务需求呈现中间高、四周低的空间格局;空气净化、生物多样性保护与文化游憩供不应求,供需比分别为-0.160、-0.071、-0.008,而雨洪调节、碳固存则供大于求,供需比分别为0.089、0.008,各项服务供需空间失衡明显;研究区可以被分为6类生态系统服务簇,综合分析后将研究区进一步分为城市生态修复区、城市生态强化区、城市发展过渡区、城市生态保育区4类分区,依据分区的空间关系、生态本底特点与分区内各类服务供需比特点提出针对性的功能优化策略.
Abstract
The comprehensive management of multiple ecosystem services is the focus of current research in the field of ecosystem service.The ecological space in the central urban area is scarce,but ecological needs are diverse.How to scientifically use urban land while considering various ecological functions has gradually become an academic hotspot.Taking the central urban area of Qiqihar as an example,we applied the ecosystem service bundle theory to analyze the supply and demand relationship of five ecosystem services in the study area,including flood regulation,air purification,carbon storage and sequestration,biodiversity conservation,and cultural recreation.Based on the supply-demand ratio,we identified the supply-demand bundles of ecosystem services in the study area,completed the division of ecological functional areas,and proposed corresponding spatial control strategies.The results showed that the supply of those five services presented a spatial pattern of low in the city center and south side,while high in the northwest and southeast side,and that the demand for those five services presented a spatial pattern of high in the city center and low around the city.Air purification,biodiversity conservation,and cultural recreation ser-vices were in short supply,with a supply-demand ratio of-0.160,-0.071,and-0.008,respectively.The supply to demand ratios of flood regulation and carbon storage and sequestration services were in excess,with a supply to demand ratio of 0.089 and 0.008,respectively.The spatial imbalance between supply and demand of various serv-ices was significant.The research area could be divided into six types of ecosystem service bundles.After compre-hensive analysis,the research area would be further divided into four types of zones:urban ecological restoration zone,urban ecological strengthening zone,urban development transition zone,and urban ecological conservation zone.We proposed targeted functional optimization strategies based on the spatial relationship,ecological back-ground characteristics,and supply and demand ratios of various services within the zone.
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