The Biomechanical Mechanism of Naso-Orbito-Ethmoid Combined with Zygomatic Fracture:A Finite Element Study
Objective The biomechanical mechanism of naso-orbito-ethmoid(NOE)combined with zygomatic fractures and the weakness of midfacial bone were investigated,so as to provide a theoretical basis for protection against maxillofacial trauma.Methods CT data of a young male with normal cranio-maxillofacial bones were collected.Then,a human cranio-maxillofacial finite element model was reconstructed using Mimics and other software.The nasal bone,1/3 medial suborbital margin,zygomatic bone,and 1/3 medial supraorbital margin were impacted at a critical velocity of 16 m/s,and impact fractures were simulated.The direction of force conduction,biomechanical variations in the bones,and biomechanical mechanism of NOE combined with zygomatic fractures at different impact velocities in the middle of the face were analyzed.Results Under different working conditions,the stresses in the NOE region with the zygomatic bone exceeded the threshold of 150 MPa when the medial side of the 1/3 medial suborbital margin and 1/3 medial supraorbital margin were impacted at an initial velocity of 16 m/s.Under other working conditions,the stresses in the NOE region and the zygomatic bone did not exceed 150 MPa simultaneously.Conclusions NOE combined with zygomatic fractures is mostly related to high-energy impact.This occurs straightforwardly under a high-speed impact on the 1/3 medial supraorbital margin and 1/3 medial suborbital margin.The inferior orbital wall is a relatively weak area in the middle of the face.
naso-orbito-ethmoidzygomatic fracturesfinite element method
NETL
NSTL
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