A Study on the Morphemization of Loanwords in Modern Chinese
Morphemization is an important approach for foreign words to assimilate into the Chinese lexical system,and it also reflects the process of sinicization of foreign words.As a special category of foreign words,loanwords have their own distinctive features.This study focuses on loanwords extracted from 10 representative dictionaries of foreign words,selects and analyzes 12 loanword morphemes,and examines the types and characteristics of morphemization in loanwords.The findings indicate that morphemization in loanwords can be classified into two types:demotion and promotion.However,unlike general Chinese morphemes,loanword morphemes possess their own characteristics in terms of word formation,semantic types and distribution domains.The process of morpheminzation in loanwords is influenced by factors such as syllable count,grammatical rules,semantic selection and frequency of use.Specifically,syllable constraint is mainly observed in the limitation of loanword morphemes and Chinese morphemes forming words in the process of promoting morphemization,usually not exceeding three syllables due to the predominance of disyllabic words in Modern Chinese.Grammatical constraint involves morpheme conversion and functional changes.Semantic constraint involves the preference for less active and relatively less defined letters as morpheme forms.Frequency constraint highlights the importance of high-frequency usage as a prerequisite and crucial condition for morphemization in loanwords.In brief,morphemization in loanwords is the result of the combined effects of multiple factors.
loanwordsmorphemizationtypes of morphemizationgrammatical constraintsemantic constraint
万方数据
维普
