选择9种常见园艺果实分别与纽荷尔脐橙果实进行采后共贮藏,结果表明:与呼吸跃变型果实(香梨、猕猴桃、番茄、香蕉)共贮藏(storage with climacteric fruits,SWCF)处理可以显著促进纽荷尔脐橙果皮转红,其中香梨的效果最佳.高效液相色谱分析显示,SWCF处理促进纽荷尔脐橙果皮总类胡萝卜素、β-柠乌素、β-隐黄质和紫黄质含量增加3倍左右.其中,β-柠乌素的积累是SWCF处理促进柑橘果皮转红的主要原因.实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,SWCF处理显著激活了类胡萝卜素代谢基因的表达,特别是类胡萝卜素裂解双加氧酶4b基因(Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4b,CsCCD4b)最大被激活了约20倍,这是SWCF处理促进β-柠乌素积累的直接原因.进一步研究发现,SWCF处理改善果皮色泽对各品种柑橘具有普遍性.此外,与乙烯处理相比,SWCF处理显著降低了柑橘果蒂衰老率、失重率以及果皮蜡质的降解,增加了果实挥发性物质的含量.SWCF处理为绿色高效改善柑橘果实外观品质提供了新思路.
Storage with Climacteric Fruits Improves Color and Quality of Citrus Fruit
Nine common horticultural fruits were selected for postharvest co-storage with citrus fruits,respectively.The results showed that storage with climacteric fruits(fragrant pear,kiwifruit,tomato,and banana)significantly promoting the citrus peel redden,especially storage with fragrant pear.High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)analysis revealed that storage with climacteric fruits(SWCF)stimulated an approximately 3-fold increase in the content of total carotenoid,β-citraurin,β-cryptoxanthin,and violaxanthin.Especially,the accumulation of β-citraurin mainly responsible for SWCF-induced citrus peel redden.Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)results showed that SWCF dramatically activated the expressions of carotenogenic genes,among which,carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4b(CsCCD4b)transcript was enhanced about 20 folds,thereby directly resulting inβ-citraurin accumulation.Furthermore,SWCF treatment has wide applicability in promoting citrus peel coloration.In addition,SWCF obviously maintained the storage performances of citrus fruit by alleviating the calyx senescence,weight loss,and wax degradation than ethylene treatment.Moreover,the contents of volatile substances in SWCF-treated fruit were higher than control and ethylene treatments.SWCF provides a new idea for green and efficient improvement of citrus fruit quality.
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