The bud sport mainly result from genetic changes in bud meristem cells,which often occurs on tree fruit,most bud sports are inferior mutants for cultivation,and a few become elite cultivar.Present studies on bud sport generally start with morphological and physiological investigation,and then combine molecular methods to elucidate the mechanism.The methods to detect the presence of mutations mainly include DNA markers such as SSRs and other molecular marker,transposon InDel detection,InDel mutation detection,DNA methylation detection,high-throughput sequencing detection,MITEs sequence detection,etc.Both similarities and differences are detected in various types of bud sports among tree species.By summarizing the color,ripening stage,canopy shape,tree vigor,and other horticultural characteristics of fruit trees,the possible mechanism of bud sport was analyzed.This paper can provide a reference for analyzing the molecular mechanism of bud sport in tree fruits and subsequent marker-assisted breeding.
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