Advances in Morphogenesis of Petal Conical Epidermal Cells
Most angiosperm species have conical epidermal cells on petal adaxial epidermides.These special shaped cells not only influence the light absorption,light reflection and surface hydrophobicity of petals to make flowers possess and maintain their attraction to pollinators,but also provide grips for pollinators to enhance pollination rate.Because of their important biologic functions and specific cell shape,petal conical epidermal cells are used as a model system to study the mechanisms of cell shape formation.This review explains the analytical method for morphological phenotypes of petal conical epidermal cells.Meanwhile,this review summarizes the current research results and elucidates the roles and possible regulatory mechanisms of MYB transcription factors,TCP transcription factors,zinc finger transcription factors,auxin and cortical microtubule arrays in the morphogenesis of petal conical epidermal cells.These research findings will provide theoretical references to the genetic improvement of horticultural plants.
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