首页|'烟富3'苹果不同砧木嫁接对其15N-尿素吸收利用的影响

'烟富3'苹果不同砧木嫁接对其15N-尿素吸收利用的影响

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新疆地区土壤盐碱化严重,有机质含量少,不合适的砧木嫁接经常导致苹果树体黄化,长势衰弱.以八棱海棠(Malus micromalus Makino)、平邑甜茶(M.hupehensis Rehd.)和新疆野苹果[M.sievesii(Ledeb.)Roemer]3种砧木嫁接'烟富3'苹果,采用15N同位素示踪技术,研究在施加穴贮砖条件下各嫁接组合生物量、根系形态(根长、根表面积、根体积)、15N吸收利用及土壤残留的差异.总体上,不同砧木的生物量为八棱海棠＞平邑甜茶＞新疆野苹果,根冠比则为新疆野苹果＞平邑甜茶＞八棱海棠,3个土层深度的根系形态均为八棱海棠＞平邑甜茶＞新疆野苹果;八棱海棠在叶中的Ndff值、15N分配率最大,并且植株总氮量、15N的吸收量和15N利用效率最大,而新疆野苹果在根部的Ndff值和15N分配率最大;从土壤15N的累积量来看,3种砧木在0～45cm 土层15N的累积量表现为新疆野苹果＞平邑甜茶＞八棱海棠.综上,3种砧木中,八棱海棠嫁接植株生长量最大,植株总氮量和植株15N利用效率最大,对新疆地区的盐碱土壤有较好的适应性.
Effect of'Yanfu 3'Apple Grafted with Different Rootstocks on Absorption and Utilization of 15N-urea
Soils in Xinjiang are highly saline and poor in organic matter,with unsuitable rootstock grafting leading to yellowing and weakening of apple trees.'Yanfu 3'apple grafted on Malus micromalus Makino,M.hupehensis Rehd.,and M.sievesii(Ledeb.)Roemer as test materials.The 15N isotope tracer technique was used to conduct the variations in biomass,root morphology(root length,root surface area,and root volume),15N uptake and utilisation,and soil residues among the grafting combination in using fruit tree hole storage bricks.As a whole,the biomass levels were in the order of M.micromalus Makino＞M.hupehensis Rehd.＞M.sievesii(Ledeb.)Roemer;the root-to-crown ratio was in the order of M.sieversii(Ledeb.)Roemer.＞M.hupehensis Rehd.＞M.micromalus Makino;the root morphologyof the three soil depths was in the order of M.micromalus Makino＞M.hupehensis Rehd.＞M.sieversii(Ledeb.)Roemer.M.micromalus Makino had the maximum Ndff and 15N partitioning in leaves,while M.sieversii(Ledeb.)Roemer had the maximum Ndff and 15N partitioning in roots.M.micromalus Makino were of maximum values in total plant N,15N uptake and 15N utilisation.In terms of soil 15N accumulation,the three rootstocks in the 0-45 cm soil layer showed the accumulation of 15N as M.sieversii(Ledeb.)Roemer＞M.hupehensis Rehd.＞M.micromalus Makino.In conclusion,among the three rootstocks,grafted plants of M.micromalus Makino had the greatest plant growth,greatest total plant N and plant 15N use efficiency,with less soil residue adapted to the saline soils in the Xinjiang region.

applerootstocknitrogen absorption and utilizationfruit tree hole storage brick

李旭娇、吕齐、姚东东、赵丰云、王小非、于坤

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石河子大学农学院/新疆生产建设兵团特色果蔬栽培生理与种质资源利用兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子 832000

新疆农业职业技术学院,新疆昌吉 831100

山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,作物生物学国家重点试验室,山东果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心,山东泰安 271018

苹果 砧木 氮素吸收利用 果树穴贮砖

国家自然科学基金新疆生产建设兵团两区建设项目新疆生产建设兵团科技研究计划新疆生产建设兵团财政科技计划八师石河子市中青年科技创新骨干人才项目八师石河子市中青年科技创新骨干人才项目兵团"强青"科技创新骨干人才计划新疆维吾尔自治区苹果产业技术体系建设项目石河子大学科研计划石河子大学科研计划

317605502021BB0232022DB0022021AB003CXPY2019142022RC012023CB008-05XJLGCYJSTX04-2024CXBJ202002CXFZ202016

2024

10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2023-0579

园艺学报
中国园艺学会 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所

园艺学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.127
ISSN：0513-353X
年,卷(期)：2024.51(8)