迭部藏语(益哇话)的体系统及其历时演变
The Aspect System of Thebo Tibetan and its Diachronic Change
桑吉次力1
作者信息
摘要
本文基于一手语料,对迭部藏语(益哇话)的体范畴进行较为细致的描写和分析.迭部藏语没有绝对的时范畴(tense),但有相当复杂的语法体(viewpoint aspect)系统.语法体总体上可分为完整体(perfective)和非完整体(imperfective)两大类,非完整体包括持续体、进行体、即行体、一般非完整体等,持续体和进行体又可细分为一般和惯常两类.所有体类别通过两种语法手段结合实现,一是相应助词组的隐现,二是主要动词、次动词、以及助动词的词干变化.本文从各类语法体的结构和主要功能出发,详细梳理其用法以及和不同情状类型互动的方式.此外,本文结合不同体类别的结构特点,探讨每一个体结构的语法化路径和整个体系统的历时演变.
Abstract
This paper presents a detailed description and analysis of the aspect system of Thebo Tibetan based on first-hand data.There is no absolute tense category in Thebo,but there is a rather complex viewpoint aspect system.The grammatical aspect can be divided into two main categories:Perfective and Imperfective,with the Imperfective including the stative,the Progressive,the Prospective,and General imperfective.Stative and progressives are subdivided into two categories:general and habitual.All the aspects are realized by a combination of two grammatical processes,namely the presence or absence of the verbal auxiliary and the alternation of the verb stems.This paper discusses the structure and prototypical functions of each aspect,examining in detail their usage and the way they interact with different situation types.It also discusses the structural features of the different aspect categories,and further explores the paths of grammaticalization of each aspect structure and its diachronic change.
关键词
迭部藏语/动词/体系统/情状类型/历时演变Key words
Thebo Tibetan/verb/aspect system/situation type/diachronic change引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
NETL
NSTL
万方数据