Curative Effect of rhIFN-α1b and Ganciclovir on Children with Infectious Mononucleosis and Their Influences on Cellular and Humoral Immunity
Objective To investigate the efficacy of recombinant human interferon α1b(rhIFN-α1b)and ganciclovir in the treatment of infectious mononucleosis(IM)in children,and the effects on the cellular and humoral immune functions of the children.Methods A total of 100 children with IM diagnosed at Taikang County People's Hospital between March 2021 and March 2023 were selected for inclusion in the study.These children were randomly assigned to either the rhIFN-α1b group or the ganciclovir group,with 50 cases in each group.The children in the ganciclovir group were administered 5 mg/kg ganciclovir three times a day at 8-hour intervals,while the children in the rhIFN-α1b group received 2 μg/kg rhIFN-α1b nebulized inhalation treatment twice a day.Both groups were treated continuously for seven days.The treatment was continued for seven days.The clinical symptomatic improvement and peripheral blood cellular immune function indexes were compared between the rhIFN-α1b group and the ganciclovir group(CD3+T-lymphocytes,CD4+T-lymphocytes,CD8+T-lymphocytes,CD4+/CD8+T-lymphocytes).Additionally,humoral immune function indexes[immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin G(IgG)],and serum inflammatory factor levels[interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)]were recorded and compared between the rhIFN-α1b group and the ganciclovir group.The occurrence of adverse reactions during treatment was also recorded.Results The time required for children in the rhIFN-α1b group to return to normal following the regression from fever,liver and spleen retraction,lymph node shrinkage,and muscle enzymes was shorter than that observed in the ganciclovir group.This difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).After seven days of treatment,the peripheral blood CD3+T lymphocytes,CD4+T lymphocytes,and CD4+/CD8+T lymphocytes were higher than those before treatment,while the CD8+T lymphocytes were lower than those before treatment in both groups.After seven days of treatment,the CD3+T lymphocytes,CD4+T lymphocytes,and CD4+/CD8+T lymphocytes were found to be higher than those of the ganciclovir group in the rhIFN-α1b group.The CD8+T lymphocytes exhibited a statistically significant(P＜0.05)reduction in comparison to the ganciclovir group.After seven days of treatment,the serum IgA and IgG levels of children in both groups were higher than those before treatment.Furthermore,the IgA and IgG levels of the rhIFN-α1b group were higher than those of the ganciclovir group after seven days of treatment,and the difference was statistically significant.The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in children in both groups were found to be lower than those observed prior to treatment.Furthermore,the levels of IL-6 in the rhIFN-α1b group were found to be lower than those observed prior to treatment.The levels of TNF-α in the rhIFN-α1b group were lower than those in the ganciclovir group after seven days of treatment,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).A comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups of children revealed no statistically significant difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion In the treatment of IM,rhIFN-α1b has been demonstrated to be more effective than ganciclovir.Additionally,it has been observed to modulate cellular and humoral immune function in children,with no additional adverse effects.
recombinant human interferon α1bganciclovirinfectious mononucleosis in childrencellular immunityhumoral immunity
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