Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Myopia in Children and Adolescents in Jiyuan Urban Area from 2019 to 2021
Objective To analyze the prevalence of myopia in children and adolescents in Jiyuan urban area from 2019 to 2021 and to explore the related factors influencing the occurrence of myopia.Methods Through stratified cluster random sampling,vision screenings were conducted on children and adolescents from 8 schools and 2 kindergartens in Jiyuan urban area from September to October for three consecutive years from 2019 to 2021.The vision status of the participants was analyzed.In 2019,a portion of students from the fourth grade of primary school to the third grade of high school and vocational high school were selected as research subjects to monitor the influencing factors of myopia in adolescents.Results The detection rates of myopia in children and adolescents in Jiyuan urban area were 57.60%,62.00%,and 61.34%in 2019,2020,and 2021,respectively.There were statistically significant differences between different educational stages and grades(P＜0.05).Both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that regularly adjusting the height of desks and chairs according to students'height,performing eye exercises at least once a day,keeping the chest more than one fist away from the edge of the desk while reading and writing,keeping the eyes more than one foot away from the book while reading and writing,and having at least 2 hours of outdoor activities per day were protective factors against the occurrence of myopia.On the other hand,using eyes for more than 2 hours after school and using electronic devices for more than 2 hours per day were risk factors for the occurrence of myopia.Conclusion The detection rate of myopia in children and adolescents in Jiyuan urban area has exceeded 50%,indicating a medium to high prevalence level.Factors such as the height of desks and chairs,frequency of eye exercises,distance between the chest and the edge of the desk while reading and writing,distance between the eyes and the book while reading and writing,daily outdoor activity time,duration of eye use after school,and daily use of electronic devices are influencing factors for the occurrence of myopia.
children and adolescentsmyopiaprevalenceinfluencing factors
万方数据
维普
