Investigation of the Status,Risk Factors,and Nursing Strategies for Demoralization Syndrome in Patients with Recurrent and Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Interventional Therapy
Objective To investigate the status and risk factors of demoralization syndrome(DS)in patients with recurrent and metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma after interventional therapy and to develop nursing strategies.Methods Seventy patients with recurrent and metastatic Hepatocellular carcinoma after interventional therapy treated at Anyang Tumor Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected.The Chinese version of the Demoralization Scale-mandarin Version(DS-MV)was used to assess the status of DS in these patients.Basic patient information was collected,and univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to identify the risk factors for DS.Results The DS-MV score of the 70 patients with recurrent and metastatic Hepatocellular carcinoma after interventional therapy was 39.10±5.06.The scores for helplessness,dysphoria,sense of failure,sense of meaninglessness,and emotional unease were 8.55±1.19,9.86±1.27,6.26±1.27,5.34±1.15,and 9.09±1.68,respectively.Patients younger than 60 years,with a high school education or lower,a monthly household income of less than 5,000 yuan,low psychological resilience,and low social support had higher DS-MV scores,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age,monthly household income,education level,psychological resilience,and social support were independent risk factors for DS in patients with recurrent and metastatic Hepatocellular carcinoma after interventional therapy,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Conclusion The level of DS is relatively high in patients with recurrent and metastatic Hepatocellular carcinoma after interventional therapy.Factors such as age,education level,monthly household income,social support,and psychological resilience can affect DS levels.Professional nursing strategies should be developed to address these factors.
interventional therapy for hepatocellular carcinomarecurrence and metastasisdemoralization syndromerisk factorsnursing strategies
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