Study on Lipid Levels,Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Levels,and Their Relationship with Oxidative Stress in Patients with Diabetes Combined with Carotid Plaques
Objective To explore the lipid levels,oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)levels,and their relationship with oxidative stress in patients with diabetes combined with carotid plaques.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 85 diabetes patients(designated as the diabetes group),90 patients with diabetes combined with carotid plaques(designated as the study group),and 80 healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations at the hospital during the same period(designated as the control group)from October 2021 to October 2023.The lipid levels,ox-LDL levels,and oxidative stress indicators were measured and compared among the three groups.Pearson software was used to analyze the relationship among lipid levels,ox-LDL levels,and oxidative stress in the study group.Results There were no statistically significant differences in gender and average age among the three groups(P＞0.05).However,the smoking rate,alcohol abuse rate,and hypertension rate in both the study group and diabetes group were higher than those in the control group,with the study group having a higher hypertension rate than the diabetes group,showing statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The serum levels of total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(ox-LDL-C),ox-LDL-C/LDL-C ratio,small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(sdLDL-C),ox-LDL-C/sdLDL-C ratio,and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels in the study group and diabetes group were significantly higher than those in the control group the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Additionally,levels of triglycerides(TG),LDL-C,ox-LDL-C,ox-LDL-C/LDL-C,sdLDL-C,ox-LDL-C/sdLDL-C,and MDA in the study group were higher than those in the diabetes group the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were lower in both the study group and diabetes group compared to the control group,with the study group exhibiting lower HDL-C and SOD levels than the diabetes group the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The independent risk factors for carotid plaques in patients with diabetes were identified as LDL-C,ox-LDL-C,hypertension,sdLDL-C,and MDA(P＜0.05),while HDL-C and SOD were protective factors(P＜0.05).There were negative correlations between serum LDL-C,ox-LDL-C,ox-LDL-C/LDL-C,ox-LDL-C/sdLDL-C,and SOD levels in the study and diabetes groups;HDL-C levels were positively correlated with SOD levels.Conversely,LDL-C,ox-LDL-C,ox-LDL-C/LDL-C,ox-LDL-C/sdLDL-C were positively correlated with MDA levels,while HDL-C was negatively correlated with MDA levels.Conclusion In patients with diabetes combined with carotid plaques,lipid levels and oxidized low-density lipoprotein levels showed negative correlations with SOD,while the aforementioned indicators were positively correlated with MDA.Clinically,reducing LDL-C levels,especially sdLDL-C and oxidative stress levels,may provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients.
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