Artificial multicellular systems have become a research hotspot in the development of synthetic biology because of their functions,such as metabolic division of labor and utilization of complex substrates.This article summarizes the advantages of artificial multicellular systems,introduces their current construction methods and design principles,and outlines their applications in environmental remediation based on relevant literature.Finally,the research themes and trends of artificial multicellular systems are intuitively analyzed using Citespace.Compared to a single microorganism,an artificial multicellular system boasts optimized labor division,lower metabolic strain,heightened substrate conversion ability,superior environmental adaptability,and robustness.The two mainstream methods for constructing such a system are top-down and bottom-up approaches,which utilize chassis cell selection,population control strategies,and numerical simulation predictions.Recent literature has analyzed the development of micro-autonomous movement and bioelectronic transmission as ongoing study topics.However,the emergence of concepts such as"metabolic engineering"and"artificial intelligence"leads us to believe that future research on artificial multicellular systems will prioritize designing and constructing multicellular systems,cell metabolic pathways,and the transmission and interaction of cellular information.Based on the current situation and hot spots,it is suggested that future research on artificial multicellular systems should focus on the following areas:(1)Analyzing the interaction mechanisms and metabolic pathways among members of artificial multicellular systems to better understand their operational mechanisms;(2)Gradually optimizing the construction methods of artificial multicellular systems according to their structure,behavior,and functions,which will help improve their efficiency and effectiveness;and(3)Developing environmental bioremediation strategies based on artificial multicellular systems,which can be used to clean up polluted environments and promote sustainable development.
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