Landscape patterns are important drivers of biodiversity.However,the impact of landscape patterns on biodiversity remains widely debated owing to differences in vegetation types,sampling methods,diversity measures,spatial scales,and landscape levels.We calculated plant species α-diversity,landscape-and patch-level metrics,and evaluated the contributions of landscape patterns on plant species α-diversity using a global standardized plant community database and land use/land cover maps at 30-m resolution between 1990-2017.Landscape patterns and α-diversity were closely associated and varied across vegetation types and scales.Random forest models and variation partitioning revealed that patch number,edge density and landscape diversity were the important drivers of plant α-diversity;their individual effects were much lower than their joint effect.The joint effect of landscape fragmentation and patch metrics was the main driver of plantα-diversity in shrubs(5.6％)and grasslands(8.8％).Plant α-diversity tended to increase closer to the center of the patch.These effects have strong scale dependence.In summary,patch metrics,landscape diversity,and fragmentation were the main drivers for plant α-diversity,differing across vegetation types.We recommend balancing the spatial structures of patch-and landscape-level structures to enhance the positive effects of landscape patterns and maintain global plant diversity.
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