Differences and reasons for the effects of organic fertilizer on the pH of acidic and alkaline soils in China
The application of organic fertilizers plays an important role in improving soil pH and crop yield stability.Investigating the effects of organic fertilizers on the pH of acidic and alkaline soils under different climate types,soil properties,and farmland management practices in China could provide a scientific basis for effectively improving soil fertility and optimizing farmland management.In this study,we collected 103 articles(308 groups of relatively independent pH data)published from 2002-2022,and a meta-analysis was used to quantitatively analyze the effects of organic fertilizer application on soil pH in farmlands in China from many aspects,such as climate,soil pH level,organic fertilizer type,fertilizer amount,and fertilization period.Under acidic soil(pH＜7)conditions,the average annual temperature was ≤ 8 ℃ and rainfall was 400-600 mm;the application of organic fertilizer had the largest increase in soil pH.Under the application of organic fertilizer,the pH of soil with low organic matter,high amount of organic fertilizer,and manure increased by 8.07％,6.42％,and 7.14％,respectively.Medium-and long-term fertilization significantly increased the soil pH compared to short-term fertilization.The increases in soil pH with medium-and long-term fertilization were significantly higher than that with short-term fertilization.Under alkaline soil(pH＞7),the average annual temperature was≤ 8 ℃ and rainfall was 400-600 mm;the application of organic fertilizer had the most significant decrease in soil pH.Organic fertilizer significantly reduced the pH of soil with low organic matter content by 4.07％.The decrease in the soil pH of manure and commercial organic fertilizer was 3.60 times higher than that of the bio-organic fertilizer.With an increase in the amount of organic fertilizer,the decrease in soil pH also increased.The most significant decrease in soil pH was caused by medium-and long-term fertilization(11.41％and 7.82％,respectively).The years of organic fertilizer application were the main factors affecting pH in acidic soils,whereas the average annual temperature was the main factor in alkaline soil.Overall,the application of organic fertilizers had different effects on soil pH at different pH levels.At low temperatures and moderate rainfall areas,medium-and long-term application of high amounts of manure in acidic soils with low organic matter content can significantly improve soil pH and alleviate soil acidification,whereas long-term application of high amounts of manure and commercial organic fertilizer in alkaline soil can effectively reduce soil pH.The present study provides a scientific basis for the rational application of organic fertilizer for improvement in soil fertility.
万方数据
维普
