The physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil and the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium influence on the phenotypic characteristics and medical quality of Artemisia argyi
To clarify the mechanisms by which the physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil and nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)enrichment affect the phenotypic characteristics and medicinal quality of Artemisia argyi,germplasm resources and rhizosphere soil were collected from 12 regions.The physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil,N,P,and K contents of leaves and stems,phenotypic characteristics,and medicinal quality were determined.The results showed that the rhizosphere soils of Artemisia argyi had a large degree of variation,neutrality,rich N and P content,and a lack of organic carbon and available potassium.The coefficient of variation of N,P,and K enrichment in leaves and stems was 19.45％-177.73％,and the genetic diversity index was 1.526-2.470.The coefficient of variation of phenotypic characteristics was 13.14％-36.33％,and the genetic diversity index was 2.141-2.467.The coefficient of variation of medicinal quality was 20.26％-102.13％,and the genetic diversity index was 2.015-2.477.A principal component comprehensive evaluation showed that the best quality germplasm resources were obtained from Erlangping(XX-2)and Dushu(FC-1).The 12 germplasm resources were divided into four clusters for cluster analysis.The leaves of clusters Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ were higher in yield,and the medicinal quality of cluster Ⅳ was higher.Significant differences in the indices among the four clusters,correlation analysis,and regression analysis showed that the accumulation of N and K in leaves was significantly positively correlated with leaf yield,and the total phosphorus content in the soil was significantly correlated with medicinal quality in the negative phase.Research shows that the physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil and the enrichment of N,P,and K in leaves and stems are closely related to the phenotypic characteristics and medicinal quality of Artemisia argyi.The application proportion of N,P,and K fertilizers should be considered in cultivation and production,and the application of an appropriate amount of P fertilizer should be reduced.Two germplasm resources from Erlangping(XX-2)and Dushu(FC-1)could be used as alternative materials for the development of excellent germplasms.
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