首页|euAP2a,a key gene that regulates flowering time in peach(Prunus persica)by modulating thermo-responsive transcription programming
euAP2a,a key gene that regulates flowering time in peach(Prunus persica)by modulating thermo-responsive transcription programming
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Frequent spring frost damage threatens temperate fruit production,and breeding of late-flowering cultivars is an effective strategy for preventing such damage.However,this effort is often hampered by the lack of specific genes and markers and a lack of understanding of the mechanisms.We examined a Late-Flowering Peach(LFP)germplasm and found that its floral buds require a longer chilling period to release from their dormancy and a longer warming period to bloom than the control cultivar,two key characteristics associated with flowering time.We discovered that a 983-bp deletion in euAP2a,an APETALA2(AP2)-related gene with known roles in regulating floral organ identity and flowering time,was primarily responsible for late flowering in LFP.This deletion disrupts an miR172 binding site,resulting in a gain-of-function mutation in euAP2a.Transcriptomic analyses revealed that at different stages of floral development,two chilling-responsive modules and four warm-responsive modules,comprising approximately 600 genes,were sequentially activated,forming a unique transcription programming.Furthermore,we found that euAP2a was transiently downregulated during the activation of these thermal-responsive modules at various stages.However,the loss of such transient,stage-specific downregulation of euAP2a caused by the deletion of miR172 binding sites resulted in the deactivation or delay of these modules in the LFP flower buds,suggesting that euAP2a acts as a transcription repressor to control floral developmental pace in peaches by modulating the thermo-responsive transcription programming.The findings shed light on the mechanisms behind late flowering in deciduous fruit trees,which is instrumental for breeding frost-tolerant cultivars.
Jianyang Liu、Dennis Bennett、Mark Demuth、Erik Burchard、Tim Artlip、Chris Dardick、Zongrang Liu
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USDA-ARS,Appalachian Fruit Research Station,2217 Wiltshire Road,Kearneysville,WV 25430,USA
USDA-ARS inhouse funding under CRISUSDA-ARS inhouse funding under CRIS
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