粤东闽语古疑母字今读h/?-的性质——兼谈汉语史上清鼻音、清边音声母的构拟
An Analysis of the Ancient Yi Initial's Modern h-/?-Sounds in Min Dialect of Eastern Guangdong Also Discussion on the Construction of the Voiceless Nasal and Marginal Initials in the History of Chinese Language
徐馥琼1
作者信息
- 1. 西安外国语大学中国语言文学学院 陕西 710128
- 折叠
摘要
粤东闽语古疑母字今读除了 ŋ/g-声母,还有h-、k-和Ø-声母,Ø-声母具有文白两种性质,文章主要分析h-和Ø白-两声母的性质和来源.闽方言古次浊声母泥/日/疑母今读存在少数例字白读h-,不少学者认为可作为上古汉语存在清鼻音声母的证据.文章描写粤东闽语古泥/来/日/疑母白读h-声母、来母白读th-声母、晓/匣母白读h/Ø-声母以及匣母白读g-声母的情况,结合宋代闽音语料中来母与彻母、明母与晓(匣)母、疑母与晓(匣)母互谐互注的事实,推测粤东闽语古疑母字今白读Ø-和h-—样都承自宋代闽音,可能是上古汉语清鼻音声母的遗留.匣母白读g-和h/Ø-声母一样,对应疑母的h/Ø-读音层,都是前《切韵》时代与疑母关系密切的证据,由于在后来的演变中匣母g-音类跟着疑母字、疑母Ø-音类跟着匣母字一起发展而导致今天的结果.
Abstract
In addition to the ŋ/g-initial for the ancient"yi"initial in modern Min Dialect of Eastern Guangdong,there are h-and(Ø)-initials,and the(Ø)-initial can be read in the colloquial and literary ways.This paper mainly analy-zes the nature and origin of the h-and(Ø)-initials.There are a few cases of colloquial reading h-deriving from the ancient ni/ri/yi initials.Many schol-ars consider it can be used as evidence for the existence of voiceless nasal ini-tials in ancient Chinese.This article discusses the colloquial h-reading of the ni/lai/ri/yi initials,the th-reading of the lai initial,the h/s-reading of the xiao/xia initials,and the g-reading of the xia initial.By examining how the lai and che initials,ming and xiao(xia)initials,and yi and xiao(xia)initials were homophonic and annotated with each other in Song Dynasty Min dialect materials,this paper postulates that the ancient yi initial's(Ø)-and h-sounds today are inherited from the Song Dynasty's Min dialect.This is likely a legacy of the ancient Chinese voiceless nasal initials.The xia initial's colloquial g-reading,in line with the yi initial's h/(Ø)-sounds,further supports a pre-<Qie Yun>connection between the xia and yi initials.Due to the later evolution of these sounds,today's forms reflect this historical relationship.
关键词
粤东闽语/疑母/次浊声母/清鼻音声母/历史层次Key words
Min dialect of Eastern Guangdong/yi initial/secondary voiced initials/voiceless nasal initial strata/historical layers引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据