现代汉语中含有双"吧"和双"的"的两种四字格——以白话文经典作家老舍小说戏剧语料库为主要依据
Two Types of Four-character Structure with Double"ba(吧)"and Double"de(的)"in Modern Chinese:Based on Corpus of Novel-drama by Lao She
聂志平1
作者信息
- 1. 广州理工学院人文与教育学院 广东 510540
- 折叠
摘要
文章以白话文经典作家老舍342万字较大规模的中文小说戏剧语料库为主要语料来源,分析现代汉语中的两种四字格"A吧B吧"和"A的B的",认为每种格式中,能够进入A、B位置的,都是在词义上相关、相对或相反且词性相同的单音节词语,在语义上都是表示同类语义范畴的事物、现象;由于后接成分"吧"或"的"性质的不同,而构成不同的四字格,表示不同的构式意义,前者整体功能是谓词性的,表示{无论A或B(哪种情况,都会如何)｝的意思,与后边的小句构成让步关系复句;后者整体功能是名词性的,表示{包括以A、B为代表的相关、相对或相反的所有项}.文章还将老舍中文小说戏剧语料与当代北京话语料做纵向对比,考察两种格式的发展变化.
Abstract
Utilizing a corpus of 3.42 million characters from Lao She's novel-dramas,this study analyzes two four-character structures:"A ba(吧)B ba(吧)"and"A de(的) de(的)"in modem Chinese.It is argued that ele-ments on positions A and B in each format are monosyllabic words that are se-mantically related,relative or opposite and that they have the same part of speech,denoting things and phenomena of the same kind of semantic category.The different natures of the following components"ba(吧)"or"de(的)"causes the different constructive meanings of the structures:The former expres-ses a predicative function,implying concessive meaning,while the latter ex-presses a nominative function,indicating inclusiveness.A vertical comparison between Lao She's Chinese novel-dramas and the contemporary Beijing dialect corpus is also made to examine the developmental changes in these structures.
关键词
白话文经典/老舍/四字格/"A吧B吧"/"A的B的"Key words
vernacular classics/Lao She/four-character structure/"A ba(吧)B ba(吧)"/"A de(的)B de(的)"引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据