摘要
文章考察中国境内的10大方言,共选择159个方言点,从地理类型学角度分析普通话背景小句中的"V着V着"结构在汉语方言中的类型差异,初步确定了 4种主类型(6个次类型):类型Ⅰ[VERB-CONT-VERB-CONT]的使用范围最广,常见于官话;类型Ⅱ动词重叠结构[VERB-VERB-VERB-VERB]主要用于吴语、徽语和闽语;类型Ⅲ-a[VERB-下-VERB-下]用于闽语、粤语和客家话;相比之下,类型Ⅲ-b[VERB-餐-VERB-餐]仅在少数湘语、赣语和平话中使用;复合类型Ⅳ-a[VERB-VERB-下]在少数南方方言(闽语、粤语和客家话)中使用;复合类型Ⅳ-b[VERB-下-VERB]仅在揭阳闽语和阳江粤语中使用.
Abstract
Based on a survey of 159 Sinitic languages from the ten major bran-ches,this paper aims to analyze the typological differences between the form[VERB-zhe 着-VEBB-zhe 着]in a subordinate clause of Mandarin and other forms in Sinitic languages from the perspective of geo-typology.Four major types(and six sub-types)are identified,among which Type Ⅰ[VERB-CONT-VERB-CONT]is the most widely used in Sinitic languages,commonly seen in the Mandarin dialects;while the quadruplicated VERB form Type Ⅱ[VERB-VERB-VERB-(VERB)]is mainly found in Wu,Hui and Min.TypeⅢ-a[VERB-xia 下'while'-VERB-xia 下'while']is used in some dialects of Min,Yue and Hakka;by contrast,Type Ⅲ-b[VERB-can 餐 'while'＜'meal'-VERB-can 餐'while'＜'meal']is employed in a few dialects of Xiang,Gan and Pinghua.In addition,the mixed form Type Ⅳ-a VERB-VER B-xia'while']is used in a few non-Mandarin dialects of Southern China,such as Min,Yue,and Hakka;while the mixed form Type Ⅳ-b[VERB-xia 下'while'-VERB]is only utilized in Jieyang(Southern Min)and Yangjiang(Yue).
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