摘要
文章回顾了关于句子否定的类型学研究,讨论了世界语言中句子否定的类型学特征与共性.首先从否定标记、否定与肯定的对称与不对称两方面考察了否定范畴在世界语言中的表现.否定标记主要有否定词缀、否定助词和否定助动词等;否定与肯定的不对称包括"定式性"的不对称、"现实体"的不对称和动词范畴的不对称.此外,文章还讨论了与句子否定相关的语言共性,这些共性可以用类推来解释.
Abstract
The paper reviews previous typological studies on sentence nega-tion,discussing the typological features and universals of sentence negation in world languages.It first examines the expression of the negation category in world languages from two aspects:negative markers,and the asymmetry be-tween negation and affirmation.Negative markers mainly include negative affi-xes,negative particles,and negative auxiliary verbs etc.;asymmetries be-tween negation and affirmation include asymmetries in finiteness,realis,and other verbal categories.Based on this,the article discusses the linguistic uni-versals related to sentence negation.These universals can be explained from a cognitive perspective,using analogy.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据