摘要
2023年全国农业技术推广服务中心组织河南、山东等15省(自治区、直辖市)植保体系开展了小麦、水稻、玉米三大粮食作物病虫害防控植保贡献率评价试验.试验统一设置严格防控区、统防统治区、农户 自防区处理,以完全不防治病虫害和完全不防治病虫草害为对照处理,采用多点试验测产的方法进行科学评估.结果表明,2023年全国小麦、水稻、玉米三大粮食作物病虫草害防控植保贡献率为30.59％,其中,小麦、水稻、玉米分别为27.58％、40.58％和25.66％.据此测算,全国共挽回小麦、水稻、玉米产量损失分别为3 767.15万t、8 383.95万t、7 411.69万t,合计挽回三大粮食作物1.93亿t.结果还表明,杂草对水稻的危害最重,其次是玉米和小麦.
Abstract
The National Agricultural Technology Center has organized an evaluation research on the contribution rate of plant protection in the three major crops(wheat,rice,and corn)in 2023.The experiments were conducted in 15 provinces through the plant protection extension system.Based on the evaluation experiment in 2022,two control treatments were set up:strict prevention and control treatment,and unified prevention and control treatment,along with farmer's experience-based protection treatment.Multi-point experiments were conducted systematically and with strict measures to measure yields.In 2023,the contribution rate of plant protection for disease,insect,and weed prevention and control in the three major grain crops in China was 30.59％.Specifically,plant protection contributed 27.58％to wheat production,40.58％to rice,and 25.66％to corn.According to this calculation,a total of 37.671 5 million tons of wheat,83.839 5 million tons of rice,and 74.116 9 million tons of corn yield were saved,resulting in a total yield of 193 million tons for the three major grain crops.Weeds were found to cause the most damage to rice,followed by corn and wheat.
基金项目
"十四五"国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1400700)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据