Composition and community characteristics of pathogenic fungi under different planting patterns of sorghum and soybean
The objective of this study was to elucidate the changes in the population structure of pathogenic fungi in sorghum and soybean crops cultivated under different planting patterns.To this end,the prevalence of major diseases in three types of planting patterns,namely strip intercropping of sorghum and soybean,monoculture of sorghum,and monoculture of soybean,was examined in Luxian County,Sichuan Province,during the sorghum and soybean growing seasons from 2020 to 2023.The distribution and composition of pathogenic fungi under different planting patterns were analyzed,and community characteristic indexes were compared.The results indicated that a total of 28 species of pathogenic fungi were identified on sorghum and soybean,among which 11 species were specific to sorghum,4 species were specific to soybean,and 13 species were shared pathogens of both crops.The dominant fungal groups were identified as Colletotrichum,Fusarium,and Alternaria.The primary pathogenic fungi of sorghum included Fusarium proliferatum,Fusarium subglutinans,Colletotrichum graminicola,Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,and Colletotrichum sublineolum.In contrast,the primary pathogens of soybean included Colletotrichum chlorophyti,Phoma herbarum,Diaporthe phaseolorum,and Fusarium proliferatum.The strip intercropping pattern resulted in a notable increase in the species number,diversity index,and richness index of the pathogenic fungal community,leading to competition among different fungal communities and effectively reducing the occurrence of diseases.
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