摘要
为明确黄河三角洲藜麦害虫及天敌的种类、种群动态和群落特征,采用目测法、网捕法、粘虫板法和陷阱法对黄河三角洲藜麦田主要害虫及天敌进行调查统计.共发现害虫及天敌52种,隶属2纲11目27科,其中害虫31种,天敌21种.藜麦害虫优势种为豌豆蚜、藜蚜、花蓟马和烟蓟马,优势天敌为微小花蝽、烟蚜茧蜂、棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂和螟蛉盘绒茧蜂.明确了藜麦重要害虫及天敌的种群动态和群落特征及影响因子.利用最优分割法,将藜麦主要害虫及天敌群落的时间格局划分为3个时间段,第一时段的优势害虫为豌豆蚜、藜蚜,优势天敌为微小花蝽和烟蚜茧蜂;第二时段的优势害虫为烟蓟马和花蓟马,优势天敌为微小花蝽、烟蚜茧蜂和棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂;第三时段的优势害虫为烟蓟马和花蓟马,优势天敌为微小花蝽、棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂和螟蛉盘绒茧蜂.研究结果为进一步制定盐碱地藜麦害虫的绿色防控技术和确保藜麦的安全生产提供了科学理论依据.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to elucidate the species,population dynamics,and community characteristics of quinoa(Chenopodium quinoa)pests in the Yellow River Delta.To this end,visual survey,net trapping,sticky trap,and pitfall techniques were used to investigate the main pests and natural enemies of quinoa in this area.A total of 52 pests and natural enemies were identified in this study,belonging to two classes,11 orders,and 27 families,including 31 pest species and 21 natural enemy species.The population dynamics and community characteristics of the principal insect pests and natural enemies on quinoa and the factors influencing them were determined.The dominant pest species were Hayhurstia atriplicis,Acyrthosiphon pisum,Frankliniella in tons a,and Thrips tabaci.The dominant natural enemies were Orius minutus,Aphidius gifuensis,Campoletis chlorideae,and Cotesia ruficrus.Using the optimal sorting method,the temporal pattern of the main pest and natural enemy communities of quinoa was divided into three periods.In the first period,the dominant pests were Acyrthosiphon pisum and Hayhurstia atriplicis,and the dominant natural enemies were Orius minutus and Aphidius gifuensis.In the second period,the dominant pests were Thrips tabaci and Frankliniella intonsa,and the dominant natural enemies were Orius minutus,Aphidius giifuensis,and Campoletis chlorideae.In the third period,the dominant pests were Thrips tabaci and Frankliniella intonsa,and the dominant natural enemies were Orius minutus,Campoletis chlorideae,and Cotesia ruficrus.The results of this study provided a scientific theoretical basis for green pest control measures and the safe production of quinoa in the Yellow River Delta.
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