基于黏滑振动特性的钢轨波磨形成机制
Research on the Formation Mechanism of Rail Corrugation Based on Stick-Slip Vibration Characteristics
王志强 1雷震宇1
作者信息
- 1. 同济大学铁道与城市轨道交通研究院 上海,201804;上海市轨道交通结构耐久与系统安全重点实验室 上海,201804
- 折叠
摘要
为了研究钢轨波磨形成机制,首先,基于线路实测钢轨波磨,从黏滑振动理论角度探讨了波磨的形成原因;其次,运用车辆-轨道耦合模型,研究了轮轨系统的黏着蠕滑特性;最后,结合轮对-轨道系统有限元模型模态分析和轮轨黏滑关系,对钢轨波磨的成因进行了解释.当车辆运行在半径为350 m的曲线段时,内轨侧黏滑曲线出现了明显的负斜率特性,从而导致内轮易在内轨表面发生滑动,加剧内轨磨耗;外轨侧黏着系数随着蠕滑率的增加而增大,说明外轮不会发生明显滑动,磨耗相对较少;轨道超高状态对内外侧钢轨的磨耗发展有重要影响.随着线路曲线半径的增加,内外轨侧的黏滑曲线负斜率现象均呈减少趋势,说明波磨的发生概率逐渐降低.结合轮轨黏滑关系和模态特征可知,轮轨系统黏滑负斜率条件下,轮对扭转振动和内轨弯扭振动的耦合作用是造成钢轨波磨的主要原因.波磨演化分析表明,轨面固定缺陷会导致相同位置处产生同相位的钢轨磨耗,并沿着钢轨纵向发展,最终形成钢轨波磨.
Abstract
In order to study the formation mechanism of rail corrugation,firstly,based on the measured rail cor-rugation,the cause of rail corrugation is discussed from the perspective of stick-slip vibration theory.Then,the vehicle-track coupling model is used to study the stick-slip characteristics of wheel-rail system.Finally,the cause of rail corrugation is explained by combining the modal analysis of wheelset-track system finite element model and the wheel-rail stick-slip relationship.When the vehicle is running on the curve section with a radius of 350 m,the stick-slip curve on the inner rail side presents a negative slope characteristic,which makes the inner wheel easy to slide on the inner rail surface and aggravates the wear of inner rail;the adhesion coefficient on the outer rail side increases with the increase of creepage,indicating that the outer wheel will not slide obviously and the wear is relatively small.Meantime,the track superelevation state has an important influence on the wear de-velopment of inner and outer rails.With the increase of line curve radius,the negative slope phenomenon of stick-slip curves on the inner and outer rail sides shows a decreasing trend,which indicates that the occurrence probability of corrugation decreases gradually.Combining wheel-rail stick-slip relationship and modal characteris-tics,it can be seen that the coupling action of wheelset torsional vibration and inner rail bending-torsional vibra-tion is the main cause of rail corrugation under the condition of stick-slip characteristics of wheel-rail system with a negative slope.The analysis of corrugation evolution illustrates that the fixed defects on rail surface will lead to the rail wear with the same phase in the same position,which will develop along the longitudinal direction of the rail and eventually form rail corrugation.
关键词
轨道工程/波磨/黏滑特性/负斜率/模态分析/耦合振动Key words
railway engineering/corrugation/stick-slip characteristics/negative slope/modal analysis/cou-pling vibration引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(11772230)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据