Aiming at the problems of large amount of real-time data,poor transmission quality and low stability of image trans-mission equipment,a high-speed transmission system of gigabit Ethernet based on FPGA is designed by combining GTX high-speed serial transceiver and gigabit Ethernet.Through the understanding of the structure and working principle of Ethernet,the physical lay-er is realized by using GTX resources in FPGA,and the transmission layer,network layer and data link layer are realized by framing UDP data with FPGA as the logic control core,and finally the communication between UDP and the host computer is completed.The test results show that there is no distortion transmission of optical fiber;there is no packet loss in the process of packet transmission;dynamic ARP lookup table is realized.