Study on the Influence of Dual Environmental Regulation on Regional Ecological Efficiency—Evidence from Provincial Panel Data
Environmental regulation is a key factor to improve regional ecological efficiency.This paper uses the super-efficiency SBM model of non-expected output to measure the ecological efficiency level of 30 provinces in China from 2013 to 2022,empirically tests the impact of dual environmental regulation on regional ecological efficiency,and compares the difference of promoting effects of formal environmental regulation and informal environmental regulation.It is found that,compared with formal environmental regulation,informal environmental regulation has a more significant effect on regional ecological efficiency,and this conclusion is still valid after various robustness tests.The results of heterogeneity analysis shows that there are regional differences in the promotion effect of environmental regulations on ecological efficiency.Compared with the central and western regions,formal and informal environmental regulations has a more significant promotion effect on the improvement of ecological efficiency in the eastern region.The results of threshold effect show that formal and informal environmental regulations have a single threshold effect with the development level of digital economy as the threshold variable.The results of mediation effect analysis show that industrial structure upgrading plays a mediating role between dual environmental regulation and regional ecological efficiency.The above research results provide experience for better implementation of environmental policies and promoting the improvement of regional ecological efficiency.
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