Embodied PM2.5 Emission Transfer and Environmental Equity in Inter-provincial Trade of China
Based on the multi-regional input-output model and combined with the energy-driven PM2.5 emission inventory,a multi-regional input-output table of China's environmental expansion in 2017 was constructed.Then,from the perspective of both production and consumption,the transfer characteristics of PM2.5 emissions and value added in trade of 30 provinces in 2017 were measured.Based on the net transfer matrix of emissions and value added,the inequality of PM2.5 pollution emissions and economic benefit exchange in inter-provincial trade was measured with the help of regional environmental inequality(REI)index.The results showed that the transfer of implied PM2.5 in inter-provincial trade flowed in the opposite direction to the transfer of implied value added.Relatively developing areas such as central and northeast China were the main inflow places of embodied PM2.5,while developed provinces in coastal areas were the main inflow places of implied added value.Developed provinces can not only avoid PM2.5 pollution to a certain extent but also gain economic benefits from other provinces through inter-provincial trade.They had both environmental and economic advantages,while some less developed provinces had both environmental and economic losses.The measurement results of REI index showed that there was an obvious high value between developed and less developed provinces,and the less developed regions faced obvious environmental inequality in inter-provincial trade.Finally,inter-provincial trade pollution compensation mechanisms and programs were established to alleviate environmental inequity.
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