Cost-effectiveness analysis of self-funded HPV vaccination for men who have sex with men
Objective This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of self-funded 4-valent and 9-valent human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccines in men who have sex with men(MSM).Methods MSM were recruited to investigate their willingness to receive self-funded HPV vaccination and tested anal exfoliated cells for HPV infection.A static Markov model was constructed to simulate the natural history and treatment costs of MSM genital warts and anal cancer over 40 years.The total cost of self-funded 4-valent and 9-valent HPV vaccines were calculated,and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICER)of vaccination versus no vaccination was compared.Results A total of 1 283 MSM participated;61.8％were willing to receive the self-funded HPV vaccination.Any-type HPV,low-risk HPV,and high-risk HPV infection rates were 48.7％,12.6％,and 36.2％,respectively.Compared to no vaccination,the ICERs for the 4-valent vaccine were RMB 39 324.10/QALY and RMB 33 379.88/QALY for preventing genital ward and anal cancer,respectively.The corresponding ICERs for the 9-valent HPV vaccine were RMB 62 240.56/QALY and RMB 53 096.97/QALY,respectively.Based on China's 2022 gross domestic product(GDP)per capita as the threshold,both of 4-valent and 9-valent vaccines were considered cost-effective.Conclusions MSM are highly willing to receive self-funded HPV vaccination.Expanding access to both 4-valent and 9-valent HPV vaccination for MSM is cost-effective from a healthcare system perspective,with the 4-valent vaccine being slightly more economical.
men who have sex with men(MSM)human papillomavirus vaccinemarkov modelcost-effectiveness analysis
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