Objective To explore the self-disclosure experience of HIV-positive men having sex with men(MSM)to provide references for formulating targeted intervention strategies.Methods From June to September 2023,according to descriptive phenomenological research methods,18 HIV-positive MSM in the outpatient clinic of the infectious diseases department of a tertiary hospital in Nanjing,China,were selected via purposive sampling to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews based on the theoretical framework of socio-ecology.The Colaizzi phenomenological research method was applied to analyze collected data.Results Three themes and nine sub-themes were derived from self-disclosure experiences of the interviewees:microsystems-distress and growth coexistence(self-disclosure dilemmas,multiple negative experiences,post-traumatic growth experiences),mesosystems-interpersonal change(homosexual intimacy challenges,peer support,changes in family atmosphere),and macrosystems-limited external support(perceived minority stress in the dominant culture scenario,weak information support systems,differentiated healthcare experiences).Conclusions The self-disclosure experiences of HIV-positive MSM are complex and influenced by self-cognition,responses of the patient,and external support.The medical staff should pay attention to the self-disclosure status of HIV-positive MSM and consider the social-ecological system in which they live.Patients should be provided with health education related to self-disclosure,strong guidance on psychological coping for both parties of disclosure,specialized and personalized medical services,that can help to have more positive self-disclosure experiences,alleviate emotional distress,and improve their quality of survival.
social-ecological theoryHIVmen having sex with men(MSM)self-disclosurequalitative study
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