Objective To investigate the trends of the reported incidence rates of syphilis from 2004 to 2022 and to provide a scientific reference for the control and prevention of syphilis in Hunan Province.Methods The reported syphilis cases have been retrieved from the National Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System from 2004 to 2022.The trends of the reported incidence rate of syphilis,annual percent change(APC),and average annual percent change(A A PC)were analyzed using the joinpoint regression model.Results From 2004 to 2022,the reported incidence rate of syphilis increased from 1.94/105 to 38.93/105(AAPC=17.46％,Z=12.82,P＜0.001).The APC during the periods 2004-2010 and 2010-2022 were 49.08％(t=12.94,P＜0.001)and 4.26％(t=3.86,P=0.002),respectively.Among all reported cases of syphilis,the reported incidence rate of primary and secondary syphilis increased from 1.67/105to 2.67/105(AAPC=1.44％,t=0.51,P=0.608),the APC during the periods 2004-2012,2012-2016,and 2016-2022 were 26.59％(t=10.38,P＜0.001),-27.53％(t=-3.09,P=0.010)and-5.54％(t=-1.62,P=0.134),respectively.The reported incidence rate of tertiary syphilis increased from 0.01/105 to 0.12/105(AAPC=10.86％,Z=2.29,P=0.022),and the APC during the periods 2004-2010,2010-2022 were 42.02％(t=3.17,P=0.007)and-2.05％(t=-0.54,P=0.600),respectively.The rate for latent syphilis also increased from 0.20/105 to 36.13/105(AAPC=30.86％,Z=10.81,P＜0.001),and the APC during the periods 2004-2010,2010-2022 were 88.51％(t=10.37,P＜0.001)and 9.03％(t=4.04,P=0.001),respectively.The reported incidence rate of fetal syphilis decreased from 5.97/105 to 0.64/105(AAPC=-12.05％,Z=-5.36,P＜0.001),and the APC during the periods 2004-2012,2012-2022 were 48.47％(t=9.83,P＜0.001)and-42.15％(t=-19.08,P＜0.001),respectively.The reported incidence rate of male syphilis increased from 1.93/105 to 39.87/105(AAPC=17.02％,Z=13.19,P＜0.001),and theAPC during the periods 2004-2010,2010-2022 were 44.20％(t=12.49,P＜0.001)and 5.42％(t=5.15,P＜0.001),respectively.The reported incidence rate of female syphilis increased from 1.96/105 to 37.94/105(AAPC=17.79％,Z=12.31,P＜0.001),and the APC during the periods 2004-2010,2010-2022 were 53.42％(t=13.09,P＜0.001)and 3.21％(t=2.76,P=0.015),respectively.The AAPC was 25.53％(Z=15.39,P＜0.001)for the 10-19 years old group,14.54％(Z=11.56,P＜0.001)for the 20-49 years old group and 22.81％(Z=11.05,P＜0.001)for the group over 50 years old.Conclusions The reported incidence rate of syphilis in Hunan Province exhibited an overall upward trend,with the increase rate gradually decreasing.The reported incidence rate of primary and secondary syphilis and fetal syphilis transitioned from rising to falling,with 2012 as the turning point.However,the tertiary and latent syphilis demonstrated a continuous upward trend.Interventions should be targeted at males,adolescents and elderly individuals.
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