The incidence of HIV infection combined with Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)is on the rise.HIV attacks immune cells,impairing cell-mediated immunity and increasing susceptibility to MTB infection,which can lead to tuberculosis(TB).Additionally,MTB infection can worsen immune cell vulnerability to HIV and exacerbate the disease.Currently,scientific and standardized clinical diagnosis,treatment and management remain the preferred prevention and control strategies for patients with HIV/MTB co-infection.This review synthesizes the latest research on the clinical characteristics and diagnosis of patients with HIV/MTB co-infection,aiming to provide a substantive reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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