Distribution characteristics of invasive fungal infections in blood and sterile body fluids of patients with HIV/AIDS
Objective To investigate the distribution of invasive fungal infections in blood and sterile body fluids and the distribution of invasive fungal infections under different immunological characteristics among patients with HIV/AIDS in the Changsha area.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the basic information,fungal types,sample types,and T lymphocyte subsets collected from 414 patients with HIV/AIDS having invasive fungal infections in blood and sterile body fluids who were admitted to the First Hospital of Changsha from 2020 to 2022.Results A total of 526 strains of fungi were isolated from 414 patients with HIV/AIDS having invasive fungal infections,among which the top three fungi were Talaromyces marneffei with 380 strains(72.24％),Cryptococcus neoformans with 120 strains(22.81％),and Candida with 10 strains(1.90％).A total of 361 patients underwent CD4,CD8 cell counts during their hospital stay.There were 287 patients(79.50％)with CD4 cell count ≤50/μL and 218 patients(60.39％)with a CD4/CD8 cell ratio ≤0.10,both being predominantly infected with T.marneffei(85.02％,81.19％).The differences in the distribution of patients with three different types of invasive fungal infections were statistically significant under various CD4 cell counts and CD4/CD8 cell ratios(all P＜0.01).Conclusions T.marneffei and C.neoformans were the main infections in the blood and sterile body fluids of patients with HIV/AIDS.Patients with HIV/AIDS with low immune function had a higher infection rate of T.marneffei.
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