Infection status of hepatitis C cases previously reported in Henan Province from 2004 to 2021
Objective To understand the treatment status and influencing factors of hepatitis C(HCV)cases reported in Henan Province,and to provide evidence for the formulation of improved strategies for HCV prevention and control.Methods The final HCV reported cases of the"China Disease Prevention and Control Information System"from January 1,2004 to December 31,2021 in Henan Province were downloaded and sorted.The data of previously reported HCV cases with current addresses in Luyi County of Zhoukou City,Zhenping County and Wancheng District of Nanyang City,and Lingbao City of Sanmenxia City were selected.From June 2022 to September 2023,on-site investigations were conducted on surviving patients with contact information.The investigation included demographic characteristics,HCV prevention and treatment knowledge,and previous diagnosis and treatment.In addition,5 mL of venous blood was collected for HCV nucleic acid(HCV-RNA)detection.Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in HCV-RNA positivity rate among patients with different characteristics,and Logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors.Results A total of 2 898 reported HCV cases were investigated,and 2 519 valid questionnaires were collected(86.92％).Among the 2 519 subjects,46.57％were male(1 173 cases),and 53.43％were female(1 346 cases).The age group of 40 years and above accounted for 97.06％,farmers or migrant workers accounted for 81.54％,and those with a monthly income of 2 000 yuan or below accounted for 80.94％.The awareness rate of HCV knowledge was 38.94％(981 cases).Among the respondents,77.41％(1 950 cases)knew that they were infected with HCV before the investigation;and 42.48％(765/1 801)had received antiviral treatment.The main reason for not receiving antiviral treatment was self-perceived absence of abnormalities and no need for treatment,which accounted for 47.53％(663/1 395).The positive rate of HCV-RNA was 36.09％(909/2 519).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male(OR=1.44,95％CI:1.13-1.82,age group of 70 years and above(OR=3.77,95％CI:1.79-7.24),farmers/migrant workers(OR=1.87,95％CI:1.06-3.29),unemployed or jobless(OR=2.08,95％CI:1.11-3.90),and those who did not know they had HCV(OR=1.69,95％CI:1.26-2.26)had a higher probability of HCV-RNA positivity.Conclusions In Henan Province,previously reported HCV patients were mainly concentrated in farmers or migrant workers aged 40 and above,with a relatively high proportion of individuals in need of antiviral treatment and a low awareness rate of HCV knowledge.It is necessary to strengthen publicity and education targeting individuals who are positive for HCV-RNA and the reasons why previously reported HCV patients did not receive treatment,to increase patients'awareness of the harm of HCV and understanding of national prevention and control policies,and to promote proactive testing and timely standardized antiviral treatment.
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