摘要
cART虽然能抑制HIV复制,延长HIV/AIDS患者的生命,但仍存在耐药、免疫重建不良、不良反应等诸多问题.中医药在延缓HIV/AIDS患者发病、调节免疫功能、减少不良反应、降低耐药等方面具有显著优势,但具体作用机制不明.众多研究显示,中医药治疗艾滋病的作用机制与调控信号通路的转导有关,且主要以TLRs/NF-κB、PI3K/AKT、Wnt/β-catenin等信号通路为主,通过调控信号通路上炎症、细胞凋亡、焦亡、自噬、氧化应激等因子的基因表达而发挥治疗作用.本文通过对国内外中医药调控各信号通路治疗艾滋病的研究进行综述,总结目前的研究现状与存在的问题,以期为未来中医药治疗的临床推广与新药研发提供参考.
Abstract
While combination antiretroviral therapy can suppress HIV replication and extend the lives of patients with HIV/AIDS,numerous challenges persist,including drug resistance,poor immune reconstitution,and adverse reactions.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)exhibits significant advantages in delaying the onset of HIV/AIDS,modulating immune function,reducing adverse reactions,and decreasing drug resistance.However,the specific mechanisms of action remain unclear.A substantial body of evidence indicates that the therapeutic mechanisms of TCM in the treatment of AIDS are associated with the modulation of signal transduction pathways,particularly those involving TLRs/NF-κB,PI3K/AKT,Wnt/β-catenin,and others.TCM exerts its therapeutic effects by modulating the gene expression of factors involved in inflammation,cell apoptosis,pyroptosis,autophagy,and oxidative stress within these signaling pathways.This article reviews research from both domestic and international sources on the regulation of various signaling pathways by TCM in the treatment of AIDS,summarizing the current research status and existing issues to provide a reference for the future clinical promotion of TCM treatments and the development of new drugs.
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