Investigation and epidemiological characteristic analysis of recent infection of newly reported HIV-1 cases in Tongzhou district of Beijing during 2021-2022
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目的 了解北京市通州区2021-2022年新报告Ⅰ型人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus type 1,HIV-1)感染者新发感染状况及人群分布特征.方法 采用限制性抗原亲和力法,对通州区2021-2022年艾滋病确证实验室经免疫印迹法确证为HIV-1抗体阳性的样本进行新发感染检测.采用x2检验分析2021-2022年通州区新报告HIV-1感染者新发感染人口学特征,采用二元logistic回归分析评价免疫印迹带型与化学发光COI(cut off index)值在预测HIV-1新发感染中的价值.结果 北京市通州区2021-2022年新报告HIV-1感染者308例,新发感染127例,新发感染比例为41.23％.308例通州区新报告HIV-1感染者中,＜30岁(新发感染比例为50.89％)、未婚/离异/丧偶(新发感染比例为44.58％)、大专及以上(新发感染比例为46.20％)、无性病史者(新发感染比例为44.75％)的新发感染比例较高,差异有统计学意义(x2值分别为7.414、5.563、6.057、3.865,P均＜0.05).不同性别、传播途径、户籍新报告HIV-1病例新发感染比例差异无统计学意义.免疫印迹带型中,p31条带缺失[记作p31(-)](OR=4.361,95％CI:1.529～12.439)、gp41 条带缺失[记作gp41(-)](OR=14.542,95％CI:4.285～49.359)易被判定为新发感染,化学发光检测COI值＜150的样本被判定为新发感染的可能性是COI值≥150样本的4.072倍.结论 2021-2022年通州区新报告HIV-1感染者的新发感染比例均处于高位水平.进一步加强宣传干预措施对区域性疫情防控有重要意义.免疫印迹带型p31(-)、gp41(-),化学发光检测COI值＜150在预测HIV-1新发感染中有指示作用.
Objective To investigate the annual HIV-1 incidence and distribution characteristics of newly reported human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1)cases in Tongzhou district of Beijing during 2021-2022.Methods The limiting antigen avidity enzyme immunoassay was conducted on HIV-1 antibody positive samples con-firmed by Western blot in AIDS confirmation laboratories in Tongzhou district in 2021-2022.The x2 test was used to analyze the demographic characteristics of new infections among newly reported HIV-1 cases.Based on binary logistic regression analysis,the worth of Western blot bands and chemiluminescent COI value was estimated.Results From 2021 to 2022,there were 308 newly reported HIV-1 cases and 127 new infections in Tongzhou district of Beijing,accounting for 41.23％of new cases.Most of newly infected people were＜30 years old(50.89％new infection ratio,x2=7.414,P＜0.05),unmarried/divorced/widowed(44.58％new infection ratio,x2=5.563,P＜0.05),junior college or above(46.20％new infection ratio,x2=6.057,P＜0.05),and had no sexually transmitted dis-ease(44.75％new infection ratio,x2=3.865,P＜0.05).There were no significant differences on the proportion of recent infections in gender,transmission route,and household registration in newly reported HIV-1 cases.The absence of p31 band[noted as p31(-)](OR=4.361,95％CI:1.529-12.439)and gp41 band[noted as gp41(-)](OR=14.542,95％CI:4.285-49.359)in Western blot was easily identified as recent infections;samples with COI＜150 were 4.072 times more likely to be judged as recent infections than those with COI≥150 in chemiluminescence assay.Conclusions The proportion of recent HIV-1 cases among newly reported HIV-1 infectors was at a high level in Tongzhou district,2021-2022.Further effective publicity and intervention mea-sures are of great significance for regional epidemic prevention and control.The p31(-),gp41(-)in Western blot and COI＜150 in chemiluminescence assay have an indicative role in predicting new infections.
Human immunodeficiency virusLimiting antigen avidity enzyme immunoassayNew infectionDistribu-tion characteristicsWestern blot
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