中国病毒病杂志2024，Vol.14Issue(5) ：451-456.DOI:10.16505/j.2095-0136.2024.0076

2013-2022年长沙市丙型肝炎流行特征和趋势分析

Epidemiological characteristics and trend analysis of hepatitis C in Changsha from 2013 to 2022

赵锦 周银柱 陈水连 邱劲松 查文婷
中国病毒病杂志2024，Vol.14Issue(5) ：451-456.DOI:10.16505/j.2095-0136.2024.0076
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  • NETL
  • NSTL
  • 万方数据

2013-2022年长沙市丙型肝炎流行特征和趋势分析

Epidemiological characteristics and trend analysis of hepatitis C in Changsha from 2013 to 2022

赵锦 1周银柱 1陈水连 1邱劲松 1查文婷2
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作者信息

  • 1. 长沙市疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙 410000
  • 2. 湖南师范大学医学院分子流行病学湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙 410000
  • 折叠

摘要

目的 掌握长沙市丙型肝炎流行特征和趋势,并分析新型冠状病毒(简称新冠病毒)流行及防控背景下长沙市丙型肝炎流行情况,为丙型肝炎防控提供科学依据.方法 收集2013-2022年长沙市现住人口的丙型肝炎病例信息,分新型冠状病毒感染流行前(2013-2019年)及流行期间(2020-2022年)两个时间段对长沙市丙型肝炎病例的时间、地区、人群分布特征进行统计分析,趋势分析采用Joinpoint回归分析,率的组间比较采用x2检验.结果 2013-2022年长沙市累计报告丙型肝炎12 249例,年均报告发病率15.25/10万.2013-2019年报告发病率由17.42/10万降至16.89/10万,报告发病率趋于平稳(APC=0.17,P=0.95),2020-2022年报告发病率由13.38/10万降至10.82/10万,报告发病率呈下降趋势(APC=-12.73,P=0.03),报告发病率年平均下降12.73％.丙型肝炎流行无明显季节性,高报告发病率区主要集中于中心城区和浏阳市;2013-2019年与2020-2022年,男、女性报告发病率差异均有统计学意义(x2=66.88,P＜0.001;x2=32.35,P＜0.001),男性报告发病率高于女性;报告病例主要集中在35～＜65岁年龄组.2013-2019年该年龄组人群男、女性累计病例数构成比分别为72.24％(3 492/4 834)、61.22％(2 357/3 850),而 2020-2022年则为 74.85％(1494/1 996)、64.63％(1 014/1 569);2013-2019年与2020-2022年排名前三的职业均为农民、家务及待业、离退人员.2013-2019年与2020-2022年农民、离退人员职业构成比变化差异有统计学意义(x2=7.73,P=0.005;x2=10.47,P=0.001);家务及待业职业构成比变化差异无统计学意义(x2=2.99,P=0.08).2013-2019年丙型肝炎流行的时间、地区和人群分布与2020-2022年比较差异无统计学意义.结论 相较于新冠病毒感染流行前,新冠病毒感染流行期间长沙市丙型肝炎报告发病率明显下降.新冠病毒感染流行前和流行期间,长沙市丙型肝炎病例的年龄、性别、职业、地区分布未发生明显改变,需要明确重点防控对象,减少丙型肝炎危险因素暴露.

Abstract

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and trends of hepatitis C in Changsha city and to analyze the situation under the context of the COVID-19 pandemic,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hepatitis C.Methods Data on hepatitis C cases among the resident population of Changsha city from 2013 to 2022 were collected.Statistical analyses were conducted to assess the temporal,regional,and demographic distribution of cases before(2013-2019)and during(2020-2022)the COVID-19 pandemic.The trend analysis was performed by joinpoint regression analysis,and the comparison of rates between groups was performed byx2test.Results From 2013 to 2022,a total of 12 249 cases of hepatitis C were reported in Changsha city,with an average annual incidence of 15.25/100 000.From 2013 to 2019,the reported incidence rate decreased from 17.42/100 000 to 16.89/100 000,and the reported incidence rate tended to be stable(APC=0.17,P=0.95).From 2020 to 2022,the reported incidence rate decreased from 13.38/100 000 to 10.82/100 000,and the reported incidence rate showed a downward trend(APC=-12.73,P=0.03)and the annual average reported incidence rate decreased by 12.73％.There was no obvious seasonality in the prevalence of hepatitis C,and the high-incidence areas were mainly concentrated in the central urban area and Liuyang city.There were statistically significant differences in the reported incidence rates for different genders between 2013-2019 and 2020-2022(x2=66.88,P＜0.001;x2=32.35,P＜0.001),with males showing higher rates.The reported cases were mainly concentrated in the 35-＜65 age group.From 2013 to 2019,the proportion of the cumulative number of cases for male and female in this age group was 72.24％(3 492/4 834)and 61.22％(2 357/3 850),respectively,compared with 74.85％(1 494/1 996)and 64.63％(1 014/1 569)in 2020-2022.The top three occupations in 2013-2019 and 2020-2022 were farmers,housemakers and unemployed,and retirees.There was a statistically significant difference in the occupational composition ratio of farmers and retirees between 2013-2019 and 2020-2022(x2=7.73,P=0.005;x2=10.47,P=0.001),while the change in homemakers/unemployed was not significant(x2=2.99,P=0.08).No significant differences were observed in the temporal,regional,and demographic distribution of the hepatitis C between the two periods.Conclusion Compared to the pre-COVID-19 period,the reported incidence of hepatitis C in Changsha decreases significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic.However,there is no significant change in the age,gender,occupation and regional distribution of hepatitis C in Changsha before and during the COVID-19 epidemic.It is necessary to clarify the key prevention and control objectives and reduce the exposure of hepatitis C risk factors.

关键词

新型冠状病毒感染/丙型肝炎/流行特征/Joinpoint回归分析

Key words

COVID-19/Hepatitis C/Epidemic characteristics/Joinpoint regression analysis

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出版年

2024
中国病毒病杂志

中国病毒病杂志

CSTPCD
影响因子：0.734
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