摘要
目的：及时发现人群中霍乱病例和被霍乱污染的水体及食物，尽早采取预防控制措施，防止疫情扩散。方法：采取全市常规监测和疫点监测相结合的方法。结果：常德市2009-2013年共发生3起霍乱疫情；常规外环境监测样品21349份，检出霍乱弧菌阳性78份，均为海产品；疫点检测3份，检出带菌者1例；来自病人、带菌者、甲鱼中分离的O139群霍乱弧菌高度同源。结论：甲鱼等水产品是常德市发生霍乱的主要因素，因此应加强水产品的监测和卫生管理，同时要做好农村聚餐的卫生指导。
Abstract
To promptly find the cases of cholera in crowd,the food and water body contami nated by Vibriocholerae,and to take effective preventive measures as early as possible to avoid the growing epidemic.Methods:Both the regular monitoring and spots surveilance were taken.Results:Totaly 3 outbreaks were reported from 2009 to 2013.21349 samples from environment were tested by regular monitoring.78 sanples were positive,which al came from the seafood. 3 samples were tested in the epidemic spots,and 1 carrier were found.The Vibrio cholera O139 strains isolated from soft-sheled turtles enjoyed a high homology with those of both patients and carriers.Conclusions:Thecontaminated sea food such as contaminated soft-sheled turtles was the main factor of the cholera O139 epidemic in Changde City.We should strengthen the monitoring of sea food and its hygiene management,and give good guidance for rural gathering-dinner.
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