从"艺格敷词"到"以文生图"——生成式人工智能的法治因应
华丹玫1
作者信息
摘要
人工智能给各行业都带来巨大变革,现行法律制度也受到很多挑战."艺格敷词"与"以文生图"这两个相反概念,展示了文字与图像的复杂关系,生成式人工智能给"语图关系"带来了新的变化.本文认为,参照康德提出的"图式"概念,按照合理使用的有关规定,如人工智能对于训练素材的使用符合"转换性使用"的具体要件,则应认定属于合理使用.在坚持独创性客观标准的前提下,人工智能生成物有可能构成符合作品定义,具备独创性要件,应当作为《著作权法》保护的作品.对人工智能生成物的使用如果发生侵权,使用者应承担侵权责任.面对生成式人工智能的时代之问和已经产生的经济利益,法律制度应当提供裁决和执行的规则,而非讨论该种经济利益是否应当得到法律的承认.这是按照法经济学指引对现实需求的必要回应,也是逻辑周延的必然选择.
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence(AI)has brought about tremendous changes to various industries,and the current legal system has been challenged in many ways.The two opposite concepts of"Ekphrasis"and"Text-to-Image"demonstrate the complex relationship between words and images,and generative artificial intelligence has brought new changes to the"language-graph relationship".This article considers that,referring to the concept of"schema"proposed by Kant,according to the relevant provisions of fair use,if the use of training materials by AI meets the specific requirements of"transformative use",it should be recognized as fair use.On the premise of adhering to the objective standard of originality,the AI generated material may conform to the definition of work,has the element of originality,and should be treated as a work protected by the copyright law.If there is infringement in the use of AI generated products,the user should bear the responsibility for infringement.In the face of the challenge of generative artificial intelligence and the economic benefits that have already been generated,the legal system should provide rules for adjudication and enforcement,rather than debating whether such economic benefits should be recognized by law—this is both a necessary response to the practical needs guided by Economics of Law and an inevitable choice for logical distribution.
关键词
艺格敷词/人工智能生成物/合理使用/独创性Key words
ekphrasis/generative artificial intelligence/fair use/originality引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据