Research Progress of Cathode Materials for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
The lithium-sulfur battery system is considered to be a promising next-generation battery system due to its ultra-high theoretical energy density.However,there are still many technical challenges in the lithium-sulfur battery system,especially in the positive electrode part,and the development of high-performance positive electrode materials has become an important research direction for the lithium-sulfur battery system.This article briefly introduces carbon-based sulfur-carrying composite materials such as porous carbon,carbon nanotubes and graphene,and other types of non-carbon-based sulfur-carrying materials,and analyzes the action mechanisms of these materials in lithium-sulfur battery systems.At the same time,the technical challenges in cathode parts of lithium-sulfur batteries are discussed,such as poor cycle performance caused by the shuttle effect of polysulfides,poor conductivity and low sulfur utilization due to the insulation of elemental sul-fur and its compounds,low volume energy density caused by low sulfur loading,and volume expansion in elemental sulfur discharge,and the corresponding strategies and research progress are summarized.Finally,it is expected that high-performance carbon-based materials will continue to be the research focus of the commercial development of lithium-sulfur battery cathode materials due to their low price and excellent performance.
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