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消化道癌前病变及早期癌的病理诊断研究进展

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消化道癌是目前临床上比较常见的癌症疾病,比如,食管癌、胃癌、阑尾黏液腺癌、结直肠癌等,都属于发病率较高的癌症疾病.从消化道癌患者的病情反馈情况来看,消化道癌会严重影响患者的日常生活质量,甚至导致患者死亡.早期的消化道癌大多不易被发现,但一旦确诊便有可能已知发展至中晚期、终末期的消化道癌,留给患者治疗和生存的时间并不多.目前临床医学在检查诊断早期癌方面有着比较多的可行性手段,比如,病理活检、超声内镜检查等,这两种检查手段在消化道癌前病变和早期癌诊断中有着比较高的检出率,具有速度快、准确率高、误诊率低等优势.利用现有的诊断方法,高效、精准地完成消化道癌前病变及早期癌的诊断,尽早对癌症患者进行确诊,并采取积极有效的治疗干预措施,会直接影响患者的生存质量与生存时间.因此,本文综述了消化道癌前病变及早期癌的病理诊断研究进展,以期为消化道癌前病变及早期癌的诊断及治疗提供帮助.
Research progress on the pathological diagnosis of precancerous lesions and early cancer of the digestive tract
Digestive tract cancer is the current more common clinical cancer disease,for example,esophageal cancer,gastric cancer,appendix mucinous adenocarcinoma,colorectal cancer,etc.,which belong to the higher incidence of cancer disease.From the medical feedback of digestive tract cancer patients,digestive tract cancer will seriously affect the quality of daily life,can also lead to patients'death.Most of the early digestive tract cancers are not easy to detect,but once diagnosed,it is possible that it has developed to the middle and end-stage digestive tract cancer,leaving patients not much time for treatment and survival.At present,clinical medicine has many feasible means in the examination and diagnosis of early cancer,such as pathological biopsy,endoscopic ultrasound,etc.These two examination methods have a relatively high detection rate in the diagnosis of digestive tract precancerous lesions and early cancer,and have the advantages of fast speed,high accuracy and low misdiagnosis rate.The existing diagnostic methods can be used to efficiently and accurately complete the diagnosis of digestive tract precancerous lesions and early cancer,diagnose cancer patients as soon as possible,and take active and effective therapeutic intervention measures will directly affect the life quality and survival time of patients.Therefore,this paper reviews the research progress of the pathological diagnosis of digestive tract precancerous lesions and early cancer,in order to provide assistance for the diagnosis and treatment of precancerous lesions and early cancer of the digestive tract.

Digestive tract cancerPrecancerous lesionsEarly cancerPathological diagnosis

郑连鹏、马骏

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天津医科大学总医院滨海医院消化科,天津 300480

消化道癌 癌前病变 早期癌 病理诊断

2024

中国城乡企业卫生
中华预防医学会 天津市职业病防治院

中国城乡企业卫生

影响因子:0.239
ISSN:1003-5052
年,卷(期):2024.39(12)